3D laser scanner surveys acquire spatial coordinates to create high-resolution point clouds, describing objects three-dimensionally. Scanners measure thousands of points with accuracy and speed, determining position by x, y and z coordinates. Before scanning, the operator sets parameters such as speed and pitch of rotations, affecting resolution and duration. An infrared laser pulse measures the return time, associating RGB reflectance values with the points. Several scans are combined using targets with precise coordinates. Modelling software processes the data, providing details on spatial coordinates and materials of the scanned object.
The use of laser scanners is ideal for surveys and spatial graphical representations of complex or inaccessible objects and areas. It is effective in urban planning and redevelopment, such as in historic centres, and for surveys of structures and historic buildings. This technology is particularly suitable in civil, mechanical and industrial engineering. Applications include morphological and geological studies, surveys of industrial facilities, monitoring, and infrastructure. The main areas of use are architecture, construction, cultural heritage, public safety, civil engineering and shipbuilding.
